Choosing the right database can significantly impact performance, flexibility, and cost. Here’s a step-by-step comparison of MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB.
Step 1: MySQL is a popular relational DB known for speed and simplicity.
Step 2: PostgreSQL is a powerful open-source RDBMS with advanced features like JSONB and full-text search.
Step 3: MongoDB is a NoSQL document store ideal for flexible, schema-less data.
Step 4: Use Case: MySQL is great for blogs, eCommerce, and simple apps.
Step 5: PostgreSQL fits best in analytics, financial systems, or GIS apps.
Step 6: MongoDB shines in real-time apps, IoT, and product catalogs.
Step 7: Schema: MySQL/PostgreSQL are schema-bound; MongoDB allows dynamic documents.
Step 8: Transactions: PostgreSQL offers robust ACID-compliant transactions. MySQL supports transactions via InnoDB.
Step 9: MongoDB uses eventual consistency unless configured with transactions (limited support).
Step 10: Querying: MySQL/Postgres use SQL; MongoDB uses a JSON-like syntax.
Step 11: Joins: Postgres excels with complex joins. MongoDB doesn’t support joins natively.
Step 12: Hosting: All three are supported by major clouds: AWS, Azure, GCP.
Step 13: Indexing: PostgreSQL supports partial and expression indexes. MongoDB has compound and geospatial indexes.
Step 14: Performance: MongoDB is fast for reads/writes; PostgreSQL handles complex queries better.
Step 15: Recommendation: Choose MySQL for speed, PostgreSQL for features, MongoDB for flexibility.